High-value products from transgenic maize pdf

Concept has been established for the production of many therapeutic proteins, including antibodies, blood products, cytokines, growth factors, hormones,y recombinant enzymes and human and veterinary vaccines in transgenic plants. Monsanto produced line ly038 with high lysine content and higher nutritional value for. Methods and protocols, experts in the various disciplines of the field contribute readily reproducible protocols covering such topics as transformation methods, transgenic maize in research, the analysis of transgenic plants, and breeding with transgenes. We will next describe comparisons betweentransgenic plantsandtheir non transgenic counterparts. Production of sugarcane transgenic events is routine in various laboratories. The mature transgenic plants were indistinguishable from wildtype plants in growth rate and morphology. Nutritional assessment of transgenic lysinerich maize compared with conventional quality protein maize. The advantages and potential drawbacks of maize as a production platform for high value products are summarized in table 3. Highvalue products from transgenic maize biotechnology advances 2011 29. An overview shiyou li1, wei yuan1, peiying yang2, mikhail d. They showed that atibh1srdx is a useful tool for the manipulation of plant phenotype for costeffective production of high value products by transgenic plant in closed cultivation systems.

Mutation in the seed storage protein kafirin creates a. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Nov 19, 2009 the risk of volunteer event 3272 maize affecting the quality of subsequent crops is low because event 3272 maize will be grown as a speciality crop and managed for identity preservation in the same manner as other high value products such as white corn and waxy corn elbehri 2007. Nabcs year 2000 annual meeting focused on the biobased economy, with the presentations and. Genetic enhancement of grain qualityrelated traits in maize. Type ii callus derived from maize hi ii immature zygotic embryos was transformed using the pds he biolistic gun and selected on bialaphos. A genetically modified organism gmo is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. Cragg5 1national center for pharmaceutical crops, arthur temple college of forestry and agriculture, stephen f. Summary cereal seeds provide an ideal production platform for highvalue products such as pharmaceuticals and industrial materials because seeds have ample and stable space for the deposition of recombinant products without loss of activity at room. Gm papayas, poplars, tobacco, tomato and sweet pepper are also cultivated in china, transgenic rice in iran. The molecular parameters that induced the highest expression were the maize embryo.

Thus, we will summarize how transgenic maize is produced and discuss the transgenic maize products currently on the market. Transgenic research in horticultural crops an overview. Barley hva1 gene confers drought and salt tolerance in transgenic maize zea mays l. Though in small quantities high value products like breakfast cereals, food ingredients and other consumer oriented products are also imported by kenya. It is currently the most widely grown crop in the world, and is used not only for foodfeed but also.

One of the products in great demand is thermoplastics, or biodegradable plastics. Application of agricultural biotechnology to improve food nutrition and healthcare products samuel sm sun phd department of biology, the chinese university of hong kong, hong kong, china crop plants provide essential food nutrients to humans and livestock, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals and vitamins, directly or indirectly. The transgenic maize was shown to contain increased seed met. In this volume we provide background information on the principles, practices, and common methods used for generation of transgenic plants. The ly038 corn has been genetically modified to express the cordapa gene.

A map was designed and the different crops were identified, as were the sowing and flowering dates, in bt and conventional maize fields. Synthesis of seedspecific bidirectional promoters for. To generate this line, four different biotech maize lines were crossed and resulted in the combination of six bt genes and two herbicide tolerance genes, providing control for weeds and lepidopteran insects. Though in small quantities, high value products like breakfast cereals, food ingredients and other consumeroriented products are also imported by kenya. Maize is useful for pharmaceutical proteins because they can be stored for. In recent year, the potential of transformation technology in sugarcane improvement has been. It is often, but arbitrarily distinguished between the 1st generation of transgenic plants, with the. Review article cereal seed storage protein synthesis. Maize is now at the beginning of a new agricultural revolution, where the grains are used as factories to synthesize highvalue molecules.

Aug 16, 20 transgenic maize seeds expressed and processed kafirins properly and served as a positive control in our experiments below. In an effort to improve the transformation protocol, the effects of gold particle size and callus morphology on transformation efficiency. Highvalue products from transgenic maize sciencedirect. Castor is a member of the euplwrbiaceae family that is thought. A key to success for maize protein expression is the concentration of protein that accumulates in transgenic plants. Transgenic maize seeds expressed and processed kafirins properly and served as a positive control in our experiments below. Planting bt cotton and bt corn seed is associated with higher net returns. Nguyen tx, sticklen m 20 barley hva1 gene confers drought and salt tolerance in transgenic maize zea mays l.

Mutation in the seed storage protein kafirin creates a high. Developing new products with enhanced value output traits these matter to. Maize was genetically engineered for the biosynthesis of the high value carotenoid astaxanthin in the kernel endosperm. A relatively new area in plant biotechnology is the use of geneticallyengineered maize to produce highvalue end. Production of sugarcane transgenic events is routine in various laboratories of the world. Simultaneously, phytoene synthase, the controlling enzyme of carotenogenesis, was overexpressed for enhanced. Park j, mcfarlane i, phipps r, ceddia g 2011 the impact of the eu regulatory constraint of transgenic crops on farm income. Pharmaceutical crops, 2010, 1, 117 1 2210290610 2010 bentham open open access pharmaceutical crops. Genetically modified bacteria were the first organisms to be modified in the laboratory, due to their simple genetics. Finally we will present some of the issues that the introduction of transgenic maize to the world market has caused. Expediting the biofuels agenda via genetic manipulations of.

Furthermore, starch granule size in the transgenic maize kernel was unaffected. Crop genetics research unit, agronomy hall, iowa state uni versity, ames. High value products from transgenic corn request pdf. Expression of fungal diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 genes. Transgenic maize for commercial production currently confers either insect resistance. The exact definition of a genetically modified organism and what constitutes genetic engineering varies, with the most common being an organism altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating andor natural recombination. Characterization of the phenotype of the highly digestible.

Environmental risk assessments for transgenic crops. At present, food crops such as sugarcane sugar and corn seed starch. Two independent transgenic events that yielded multiple clonal plants were characterized in detail. First, we will continue to provide our plant genetic transformation expertise and services maize, soybean, rice, and brachypodium distachyon to the public researchers in plant science community nationally and internationally for their efforts in functional studies of plant genes. Maize also known as corn is a domesticated cereal grain that has been grown as food and animal feed for tens of thousands of years.

Optimization of protein expression in maize is dependent on multiple factors. Application of agricultural biotechnology to improve food. The goal of the biofuels industry is to produce biofuels from crop waste matter, that are nonfood. Endospermcxprcssed transgenes have been used to improve grain quality 14 and as a vehicle to produce high value proteins such as vaccines 5 and other high value proteins 610. Metabolic engineering of astaxanthin biosynthesis in maize.

Pdf highvalue products from transgenic maize maite. Sciencebased risk assessment for nontarget effects of. This is discussed later in the section dealing with regulatory challenges. Production of transgenic maize from bombarded type ii. Transgenic strategies for the nutritional enhancement of plants. May 28, 2019 an example of what such a strategy may look like is the commercial maize line known by its trade name smartstax. Efficient production of a bioactive bevacizumab monoclonal. In this article we look at the diversity of highvalue products from maize, recent technological advances in the field and the emerging regulatory framework that governs how transgenic maize plants and their. Transgenic maize plants were generated using an agrobacterium. Kenyan importers, retailers and consumers have not expressed serious concerns about importation, sale or use of transgenic products. Maize is now at the beginning of a new agricultural revolution, where the grains are used as factories to synthesize high value molecules. Production of transgenic maize plants by direct dna uptake into embryogenic protoplasts article pdf available in plant science 901. The fda policy statement concerning regulation of products derived from. Crop improvement via genetic engineering iowa state.

It is currently the most widely grown crop in the world, and is used not only for foodfeed but also to produce. Pdf production of transgenic maize plants by direct dna. Now a days, transgenic traits has an integral part of maize, soya been, rice, tomato, cotton and oilseed breeding. A brief history of promoter development for use in transgenic. Transgenic wheat plants expressing an oat arginine decarboxylase cdna exhibit increases in polyamine content in vegetative tissue and seeds. Expediting the biofuels agenda via genetic manipulations. Genetic contributions to agricultural sustainability. Austin state university, nacogdoches, tx 75972, usa. Simultaneously, phytoene synthase, the controlling enzyme of carotenogenesis, was overexpressed for enhanced carotenoid. Genetic modification to improve disease resistance in crops. Aug 23, 2010 despite the expensive cost of postharvest processing of recombinant products, some transgenic crop.

The severity of weed and insect pests varies from year to year and hence this will directly impact on pest control costs and economic advantage of gm crops. Pharmaceutical crops is an ambiguous term used by biologists and chemists for different categories of plants. Transgenic maize iowa state university digital repository. These dedicated biosources will be combinations of established, transgenic, and new polysaccharide, oil, fiber, and high value chemical crops. Genetically engineered crop traits have been classified into one of three. Four major crops account for practically all the transgenic production worldwide. The risk of volunteer event 3272 maize affecting the quality of subsequent crops is low because event 3272 maize will be grown as a speciality crop and managed for identity preservation in the same manner as other highvalue products such as white corn and waxy corn elbehri 2007. Domestication of new crops is often very high risk, and can take a long time. Application of agricultural biotechnology to improve food nutrition and healthcare products. A remarkable development is creation of sugarcane transgenic plants with improved yield characteristic and high value products. Endospermcxprcssed transgenes have been used to improve grain quality 14 and as a vehicle to produce highvalue proteins such as vaccines 5 and other highvalue proteins 610. The many uses and applications of transgenic plants. Genetic engineering has been proven to be a useful tool, to produce more environmentaladaptive crops and novel high value products in their yield.

Starchstrke 57 transgenic maize maize quality home. A brief history of promoter development for use in. The ways in which plants develop and respond to the environment in order to produce an optimal yield of food or fibre is the result of the controlled expression of the approximately 30 000 genes that are present in the genome of all plants. Future challenges feeding transgenic plants oxford academic. Publicsector leadership will be necessary for domestication of new crops. Over the past few decades, plant bioreactors have been used to produce high valueadded products, including antibodies hiatt et al. Agronomy journal abstract dispersion and deposition of. Food products from genetically modified bacteria include alphaamylase, which converts starch to simple sugars, chymosin, which clots milk protein for cheese making, and pectinesterase, which improves fruit juice clarity. Here we present a routine and efficient protocol for yearround production of fertile transgenic maize plants. Environmental risk assessments for transgenic crops producing. The function and regulation of plant genesgenomewide analyses providing a firm foundation for the new genetics in crop improvement. Biological effects of transgenic maize nk603xmon810 fed in long term reproduction studies in mice page 6 of 105 1.

For example, in lepidopteran active transgenic cry1maize events, the transgene products have a molecular weight of 65 to 91 kilodaltons kda, whereas various microbes produce proteins ranging from to 140 kda van rie et al. To increase kernel oil content, fungal diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 dgat2 genes from umbelopsis formerly mortierella ramanniana and neurospora crassa were introduced into maize using an embryoenhanced promoter. Huang s, frizzi a, florida ca et al 2006 high lysine and high tryptophan transgenic maize resulting from the reduction of both 19 and 22kd alphazeins. Biological effects of transgenic maize nk603xmon810 fed in.

We will next describe comparisons betweentransgenic plantsandtheir nontransgenic counterparts. Th en, extract such highvalue matter before converting the cellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars for alcohol fuels. The production of recombinant proteins in plants continues to be of great interest for prospective large. High level accumulation of aglucan in maize kernels by. Shortening the life cycles of cultivated plants would increase annual production in a closed system. Sep 26, 2017 naqvi s, ramessar k, farre g et al 2011 highvalue products from transgenic maize.

Introduction transgenic crops are playing an increasing role in the eu. The advantages and potential drawbacks of maize as a production platform for highvalue products are summarized in table 3. Despite the ongoing debate on gm crops, particularly in countries of the european union. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Frontiers biofortified crops generated by breeding. Pdf fertile transgenic maize a great paper if you get a chance. These organisms are now used for several purposes, and are particularly important in producing large amounts of pure human proteins for use in medicine. Naqvi s, ramessar k, farre g, sabalza m, miralpeix b, twyman rm, capell t, zhu c, christou p 2011 highvalue products from transgenic maize.

The purpose of this project is to use biotechnology to improve crops. Rice seeds and suspension cultures have been reported as good systems for the production of many high value bioactive proteins kim. The longterm commercial expectations for this use of plants as factories, often also called. Flowering newsletter bibliography for 2008 journal of experimental botany 20 64. Modeling gene flow distribution within conventional fields and development of a simplified s. For example, maize is a windpollinated, outcrossing crop, which raises issues surrounding gene flow to nontransgenic maize and wild relatives. In this article we look at the diversity of high value products from maize, recent technological advances in the field and the emerging regulatory framework that governs how transgenic maize plants and their. For example, maize is a windpollinated, outcrossing crop, which raises issues surrounding gene flow to non transgenic maize and wild relatives. Review open access plantbased vaccines against viruses.